Anise, also known as Pimpinella anisum, belongs to the umbelliferae family. It is recommended as an expectorant in all pharmacologies in the world. In its potency, it is much stronger than star anise.
Anise plants are large, seeds are used as medicinal raw materials, leaves with stems that are harvested at the time of flowering are less valuable raw materials.
In official medicine, anise-based preparations are usually prescribed to have a stimulating effect on the secretory and motor functions of the gastrointestinal tract. CO2 extract has a strong expectorant and mild disinfectant effect. It also has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, laxative, antispasmodic, anesthetic, and carminative effects. It has no toxic effects on the body.
CO2 extract from anise “Biozevtika” is an oily liquid with a distinctive, characteristic aniseed odor. In the course of gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric investigations, several hundred compounds were analyzed in their composition, of which more than 60 were identified.
Chart 1. The main components of the aniseed CO2 extract
| NAME | CONTENT IN% OF THE AMOUNT OF VOLATILE COMPONENTS | EFFECT |
|---|---|---|
| Palmitic acid | 48 | Unsaturated fatty acid for water repellency in cosmetics |
| α- and β-linolenic acid | 2,6 | Unsaturated, essential fatty acids from the class of omega-3 fatty acids. It has a membrane protecting, angioprotective effect. Immunomodulatory, improves brain metabolism |
| Anethole | 1,4 | It is used as a fragrance for cosmetics, as a raw material for aldehyde production |
| Linoleic acid | 1,4 | An essential unsaturated fatty acid of the omega-6 class. It has anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor, and aggregating effects. If there is no balance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, competitive processes can arise that influence the metabolism |
| Methylchavicol (estragole) | 1,2 | Used as an ingredient in perfume compositions. Gives the products a healing aromatherapy effect for headaches, insomnia, fatigue. Enhances the intoxicating effect of vodkas. In large doses, it is a hallucinogen |
| Anisaldehyde | 1,1 | It is used as a component of perfume compositions, food essences, as a raw material for the production of flavorings and in the synthesis of certain drugs |
| Alpha-phenandrel | 1 | Perfume fragrance |
| Anisecton | 1 | Normalizes the blood supply to the brain, is used in aromatherapy and in perfumes |
Chart 2. Application
| Use in dietary supplements | Application in cooking | Application in cosmetics |
|---|---|---|
| It has a diuretic and antispasmodic effect, relieves bronchospasm and asthma attacks, fights flatulence, eliminates constipation, relieves stomach pain, improves intestinal motility, improves appetite. Promotes the liquefaction and removal of sputum from the lungs, is used for colds and circulatory diseases, for hoarseness. It supports the work of the heart during tachycardia, stimulates the work of the kidneys and liver, the production of estrogen (in women). It has a mild sedative effect in stressful and depressive states, helps with colic and hyperexcitability. | The oil is used in food production in China and Southeastern countries. Star anise extract and oil are used extensively in Europe to make pastries and baked goods. The aroma and taste of star anise goes well with meat, it is also used to make canned fish. Ideal for preparing dishes and preserves from fruits and preparing various sauces. The taste and aromatic properties of the CO2 star anise extract are not lost during heat treatment. Star anise is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages such as the Greek aniseed vodka ouzo. In terms of taste and aroma properties, CO2 star anise extract is perfectly combined with similar extracts of black pepper, fennel, cinnamon, clove and ginger. This blend is a classic spice combination. | The oil is widely used in cosmetic products in Southeast Asia. CO2 extract has the following cosmetic properties: – increases the turgor (water binding capacity of the collagen fibers of the dermis) of mature skin; – gives elasticity to the skin; – normalizes the water-fat balance of the skin; – has an antiseptic effect. |
In cosmetics based on the CO2 extract of ordinary anise, products can be recommended:
- to tighten mature skin
- as an antiseptic additive
- to increase skin elasticity
- as an antiseptic and deodorant additive in toothpastes
The presence of a complex of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the composition of the CO2 extract acids (vitamin F complex) ensures:
- hypoallergenic effect
- Stimulation and participation in collagen synthesis
- Restoration of the barrier functions of the epidermis and stratum corneum
Chart 3. Application rates, recommendations for the use and storage of aniseed CO2 extract
| Food usage rates | Item А100: 0.002% (20g per ton) Water-soluble microemulsions EMA1: 0.2% (2l per 1000l or 2ml per liter) |
| Application rates in cosmetics | Item А10: 1-3% Item А100: 0.1-0.3% |
| Recommendations for use | It is recommended to add CO2 extracts in the final stages of preparation, in the cooling phase of the end product. |
| Storage Instructions | Storage advice |